Steve Norris is a professor at Warren Wilson
College. Earlier in
February, he and some students took water to the area of West
Virginia where there was a
toxic chemical spill in the Elk River,
a water supply to 300,000 people. Here is his story.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
This is a tough story to write about: the horror of
contaminated water, the images of the mining families' peoples' faces, the
children, the confederate flags, the beautiful mountains, the extreme gratitude
of folks we gave water to - these are all so fresh that I can't take it all in.
Add to this the fact that I have in the past gone to this area to protest
against the way of life of these very poor but good-hearted people, and .
. .Well. I guess I am getting ahead of myself.
Last Friday seven students and I from Asheville,
NC took my pickup truck with the 210 gallon tank
from the 2013 Walk, full of water and three other cars loaded down with another
with 250 gallons of water north to West
Virginia. We also took with us the $400 we had
fundraised locally, and drove to Whitesville in Boone County West Virginia
where RAMPS has its office in a rundown old storefront. RAMPS stands for
Radical Action for Mountain Peoples Survival, and has been a presence for some
time now, leading some gritty and dangerous protests against Mountaintop
removal, including 50 person occupation in 2012 of the Hobet mountaintop
removal mine, the largest strip mine on the east coast. Twenty or so people
were arrested in that action, and spent up to two weeks in jail, including one
of the student organizers of this trip to deliver water. Now RAMPS is helping to
coordinate delivery of donated clean water to residents of the area.
About a month ago on January 9 a corrupt and poorly run and poorly regulated chemical company called Freedom Industries spilled some of a highly toxic chemical (MCHM) from its storage tanks into the Elk River, contaminating the water supply of 300,000 people in 9 counties. Freedom Industries has a very checkered history and connections to the Koch Brothers. It stores and sells chemicals used to process coal from West Virginia mines. At first FEMA and West Virginia Dept of Environmental Protection got involved, and the governor declared the Elk River water unsafe for all drinking, cooking and bathing. But within a week or so they pulled out and declared the water safe for everyone except pregnant women and babies under three. In the meantime Freedom Industries has declared bankruptcy.
People who we met in the Whitesville area didn't accept the reassurances coming from public authorities. Most complained that the water smelled, either with a licorice-like odor or of formaldehyde, which could be forming as a result of interactions between MCHM and other chemicals, plastics or metals in the pipes. Formaldehyde is a known carcinogen. Some said the water looks murky. A few complained that the odors permeated their houses. One young woman, who has two young children said she was losing hair and had developed a rash. No one we met believed that the water was safe. Even in the Wal-Mart, where we drove to buy bottled water, when I tried to buy some hot coffee on the cold, rainy Sunday morning, I was told that none was available because of contaminated water.
So in all we had the 450 gallons of water we had carried from Asheville and another 800 gallons of bottled water we purchased with our $400. When we arrived at the RAMPS office in Whitesville on Friday at midnight the RAMPS organizers Bagdhadi, Nat and De explained to us that on Saturday morning we might be working with a group from Texas called the Texas State Militia who do border patrolling in Texas and who had promised to bring 2000 gallons of water. So we talked about various scenarios of how to coordinate with them. As it turned out the Militia never showed up, and on Saturday morning feeling disorganized and chaotic, we were on our own.
First stop was Amazing Grace Covenant Church, a fairly new and spacious church in Seth, about 15 miles up route 3 from Whitesville. We set up our water operations in their front parking lot, and all day long people came in their cars, some with bottles of their own which we filled after answering the all important question of "where did this water come from?" Another group of us loaded bottles of water in two cars and went house to house in nearby Prenter Holler, a small neighborhood of trailers on Sand Lick Rd down the mountain from four coal mines. We knocked on doors of these old broken down homes with muddy mid-winter yards and asked people if they wanted free bottled water. No one turned us down. Many people were elderly and told us they had a hard time getting out. A couple of people said they were out of fresh clean water entirely and we had shown up just in time.
A little while later a student Emily and I set up my truck with its 210 gallons tank full of water in front of Tamara's trailer on the corner of Prenter Rd and Sand Lick Rd near a creek. Tamara, who is a high-spirited 35 year old woman with a tattoo on her neck, and 4 or 6 children living with her, is a natural-born community organizer. She roused two of her teenage daughters from their beds and somehow inspired them to go knock on doors up the holler telling people to come and get the water. She also put word out on Facebook. All day long as huge 18 wheelers loaded with coal rushed past on Prenter Road, families drove up in pick-up trucks or all terrain vehicles or cars, and we filled their bottles with the water which, I explained, came from my spring in North Carolina. "You brought this water all the way from N.C.?" "Yeah, we came here yesterday." "Oh, you are so kind. Thanks you for coming all this way." Seldom in my life have I felt such gratitude.
One older man gave us $5 in appreciation. When I protested he replied, "You've gotta take it. Buy yourselves some coffee." He must not have realized even Wal-Mart was not making coffee with water from the Elk River. One very thin 61 year old man stayed long enough to tell us his story: "27 years in the mines, and now I have black lung and a herniated disc." A teenage high school girl spent 15 minutes talking with us: "I get all A's in school." She obviously loves school, and would be a teacher's joy, and I could not help but wonder where this holler will take her in five or in ten years, or whether maybe she could get out. And a young guy in a small RV talked about how the fish in the streams have disappeared in the last few years.
About a month ago on January 9 a corrupt and poorly run and poorly regulated chemical company called Freedom Industries spilled some of a highly toxic chemical (MCHM) from its storage tanks into the Elk River, contaminating the water supply of 300,000 people in 9 counties. Freedom Industries has a very checkered history and connections to the Koch Brothers. It stores and sells chemicals used to process coal from West Virginia mines. At first FEMA and West Virginia Dept of Environmental Protection got involved, and the governor declared the Elk River water unsafe for all drinking, cooking and bathing. But within a week or so they pulled out and declared the water safe for everyone except pregnant women and babies under three. In the meantime Freedom Industries has declared bankruptcy.
People who we met in the Whitesville area didn't accept the reassurances coming from public authorities. Most complained that the water smelled, either with a licorice-like odor or of formaldehyde, which could be forming as a result of interactions between MCHM and other chemicals, plastics or metals in the pipes. Formaldehyde is a known carcinogen. Some said the water looks murky. A few complained that the odors permeated their houses. One young woman, who has two young children said she was losing hair and had developed a rash. No one we met believed that the water was safe. Even in the Wal-Mart, where we drove to buy bottled water, when I tried to buy some hot coffee on the cold, rainy Sunday morning, I was told that none was available because of contaminated water.
So in all we had the 450 gallons of water we had carried from Asheville and another 800 gallons of bottled water we purchased with our $400. When we arrived at the RAMPS office in Whitesville on Friday at midnight the RAMPS organizers Bagdhadi, Nat and De explained to us that on Saturday morning we might be working with a group from Texas called the Texas State Militia who do border patrolling in Texas and who had promised to bring 2000 gallons of water. So we talked about various scenarios of how to coordinate with them. As it turned out the Militia never showed up, and on Saturday morning feeling disorganized and chaotic, we were on our own.
First stop was Amazing Grace Covenant Church, a fairly new and spacious church in Seth, about 15 miles up route 3 from Whitesville. We set up our water operations in their front parking lot, and all day long people came in their cars, some with bottles of their own which we filled after answering the all important question of "where did this water come from?" Another group of us loaded bottles of water in two cars and went house to house in nearby Prenter Holler, a small neighborhood of trailers on Sand Lick Rd down the mountain from four coal mines. We knocked on doors of these old broken down homes with muddy mid-winter yards and asked people if they wanted free bottled water. No one turned us down. Many people were elderly and told us they had a hard time getting out. A couple of people said they were out of fresh clean water entirely and we had shown up just in time.
A little while later a student Emily and I set up my truck with its 210 gallons tank full of water in front of Tamara's trailer on the corner of Prenter Rd and Sand Lick Rd near a creek. Tamara, who is a high-spirited 35 year old woman with a tattoo on her neck, and 4 or 6 children living with her, is a natural-born community organizer. She roused two of her teenage daughters from their beds and somehow inspired them to go knock on doors up the holler telling people to come and get the water. She also put word out on Facebook. All day long as huge 18 wheelers loaded with coal rushed past on Prenter Road, families drove up in pick-up trucks or all terrain vehicles or cars, and we filled their bottles with the water which, I explained, came from my spring in North Carolina. "You brought this water all the way from N.C.?" "Yeah, we came here yesterday." "Oh, you are so kind. Thanks you for coming all this way." Seldom in my life have I felt such gratitude.
One older man gave us $5 in appreciation. When I protested he replied, "You've gotta take it. Buy yourselves some coffee." He must not have realized even Wal-Mart was not making coffee with water from the Elk River. One very thin 61 year old man stayed long enough to tell us his story: "27 years in the mines, and now I have black lung and a herniated disc." A teenage high school girl spent 15 minutes talking with us: "I get all A's in school." She obviously loves school, and would be a teacher's joy, and I could not help but wonder where this holler will take her in five or in ten years, or whether maybe she could get out. And a young guy in a small RV talked about how the fish in the streams have disappeared in the last few years.
Everyone seemed dazed about what had happened, and more or
less resigned to this new way of life. No one knows how long the water
emergency will last or how they will cope as days and weeks may become months.
No one talked about it, and although some people clearly were angry at
Freedom Industries or their public officials, no one talked about protest. A
couple of people explained how until two or three years ago people had been
drinking well water. However, the well water eventually became contaminated
from coal slurry sludge which had been pumped into abandoned mines and then
found its way into their ground water. And eventually their wells. At that
point the public authorities insisted that people take water from the county.
Now the public water supply is also too polluted for human consumption.
Immediately across the road was a fast moving stream, mostly covered with ice on this winter's day, flowing at a rate of maybe 1000 gallons a minute. This would be enough water for a small town, and yet, there's no water for the 200 people in this holler to drink. And what about the animals and the fish? We could hear this water singing its way past us as a confederate flag flew above a nearby trailer and we filled people's gallons jugs with water hauled all the way from North Carolina.
At the end of the day a few of us gathered back in the parking lot of Grace Covenant Church to fill a few more gallon jugs and to pack up our supplies. As we were about to leave a woman walked up to us across Route 3 and with a friendly smile asked: "Hi. I’m Julia. I want to introduce myself and ask you if you folks oppose coal." We chatted amicably for several minutes, letting her know that yes some of us had even been arrested protesting against coal, but at the same time avoiding a heated argument. She never did say where she stood on the issue. As she left, she waved and repeated with the same smile: "I just wanted to know where you stand."
Immediately across the road was a fast moving stream, mostly covered with ice on this winter's day, flowing at a rate of maybe 1000 gallons a minute. This would be enough water for a small town, and yet, there's no water for the 200 people in this holler to drink. And what about the animals and the fish? We could hear this water singing its way past us as a confederate flag flew above a nearby trailer and we filled people's gallons jugs with water hauled all the way from North Carolina.
At the end of the day a few of us gathered back in the parking lot of Grace Covenant Church to fill a few more gallon jugs and to pack up our supplies. As we were about to leave a woman walked up to us across Route 3 and with a friendly smile asked: "Hi. I’m Julia. I want to introduce myself and ask you if you folks oppose coal." We chatted amicably for several minutes, letting her know that yes some of us had even been arrested protesting against coal, but at the same time avoiding a heated argument. She never did say where she stood on the issue. As she left, she waved and repeated with the same smile: "I just wanted to know where you stand."
Good question. For the last several days I’ve been pondering
it. I have no questions about coal. It has to go. In North Carolina this week
this has been made glaringly obvious to anyone willing to pay attention by the
massive spill from a coal ash retainment pond owned by Duke Energy; up to 82
thousand tons of coal ash mixed with 27 million gallons of water has spilled
into the Dan River, which is the public water supply for several nearby
communities downstream. The river water and river bank has turned grey with the
sludge, which contains a witches brew of poisons like arsenic, selenium, lead,
and mercury.
At the same time though, my heart breaks for the miners and
their families who live in Prenter Holler. How do I tell them that coal, which
is the bedrock of their homes and the icon of their culture and the center of
their way of life – how can I tell these very poor people that their bedrock is
not sustainable, and that it is killing their mountains, and killing their
fish, and will, if not contained, kill much of human civilization?
I don’t know how to answer Julia’s questions, or how to spend the gentleman’s $5, or what to say to the high school girl, or how to bring the fish back, or even how to get a hot coffee at Wal-Mart.
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